Common Names for Nematodes

JON requires that the full Linnaean binomial be given for all nematode species mentioned. But, as long as it is explained, the use of common names, or even an abbreviation, is also permitted. For example: Meloidogyne spp. (root-knot nematode: RKN). However, authors should be judicious in using common names and only do so when it improves clarity to the wider readership. There are several points to consider in electing to use a common name:

1. Is the common name likely to be recognized across or beyond the narrow discipline of the paper? For example, home gardeners are likely to have heard of root-knot nematodes, and soybean farmers will know about soybean cyst nematode. A similar case might be made for dog heart worm (Dirofilaria immitis) or Guinea worm (Dracunculus medinensis). But the same could probably not be said of Romanomermis culicivorax and so, although likely known to many JON readers, assigning a common name to this species would be discouraged.
   
   
2. Does using the common name convey some information that might not be readily apparent from the binomial? For example, calling Globodera spp. “potato cyst nematode” might help the flow of the writing if one were talking about host preference.
   
   
3. Is the common name ambiguous? Some names are applied to multiple genera (e.g., Cactodera, Globodera and Heterodera have all been called “cyst nematodes” and Criconema and Criconemella both have been called “ring nematode”). In some instances, an author may intend the redundant term to be inclusive of the different species, but not in other cases.
   
   
4. What is the precedent in using the common name? Although some generic common names have little meaning or have only restricted application to a genus, long-standing use has legitimized them (e.g., stunt nematode for Tylenchorhynchus spp.)

The coining of common names is permissible. Priority in providing a common name for a new species rests with the describer. Suggested sources for the common name include: geographic location for a species thought to have a restricted range (e.g., Columbia root-knot nematode for M. chitwoodi); host plant (e.g., citrus nematode for T. semipenetrans); morphological character (e.g., awl nematode for Dolichodorus spp.); specific symptom; or translation of the specific epithet. However, as many nematodes are polyphagous, geographically widespread, or have no symptomatic effects on plants, a rigid system is impossible to institute.

Listed below are “officially” designated common names for plant parasitic nematodes:

COMMON NAMES FOR PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES